Those sentenced to serve their sentences in a colony-settlement are proposed to be placed in one institution, subject to separate detention and employment

What is a colony-settlement

A colony-settlement is a secure facility on the territory of which convicts are kept serving sentences for crimes of minor and medium gravity, crimes of negligence, as well as those for whom general and strict regimes have been replaced by a more lenient punishment in accordance with Article 80 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation or “by re-regime” "(in accordance with Article 78 of the Penal Code of the Russian Federation).

In the Criminal Executive Code of the Russian Federation, articles 128 (“Colony-settlement”) and 129 (“Conditions for serving imprisonment in colony-settlements”) are devoted to colony settlements. These articles are very small and contain very little information. That’s why settlement colonies raise a lot of questions among people – there is too little information.

Changing the type of correctional facility

Speaking about the part of the term, after serving which the convicted person has the opportunity to petition the court to change the type of correctional facility, one should refer to the provisions of Part 2 of Art. 78 of the Penal Code of the Russian Federation, where it is noted:

When resolving this issue, the court should keep in mind the opinion of the representative of the correctional institution and the prosecutor on the possibility of changing the type of correctional institution.

The criminal executive legislation of the Russian Federation provides for the possibility of changing the type of correctional institution (PI) in which the convicted person is serving the sentence assigned to him by a court verdict. If you carefully read this paragraph, based on the rules for constructing sentences in the Russian language, you will notice that it refers to categories of convicts (with subgroups): According to the norms of the Russian language, this is not so, and most linguistic experts insist on this.

Why are they sent to a colony-settlement?

According to Article 128 of the Penal Code of the Russian Federation, four categories of convicts serve their sentences in penal colonies:

1. Those convicted for the first time for crimes committed through negligence (for example, for an accident);
2. For the first time convicted of intentional crimes of minor and medium gravity;
3. Those convicted of crimes due to negligence, who previously served real sentences;
4. Positively characterized convicts transferred to colony settlements from general and strict regime colonies in accordance with Article 78 of the Penal Code of the Russian Federation (the so-called “over-regime”).

At the same time, as you can see, there is not much difference between the first and third points. It’s just that those who are convicted of careless crimes for the first time, the courts still try to give a suspended sentence, and send those who have already been imprisoned to penal colonies. In fact, both of them are kept in absolutely identical conditions, so we can talk about three categories of convicts. However, in this article we will leave all four points - as indicated in the current version of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation.

Here are the main crimes for which you end up in a penal colony:

• Fatal traffic accidents;
• drunk driving;
• evasion of alimony;
• petty theft;
• petty hooliganism;
• fraud;
• causing death by negligence;
• arson.

The list can be continued, but in general, there is no need to continue. The idea is clear - people end up in colony settlements for unimportant crimes, which are more appropriately considered “misdemeanors.” In most cases, it would be possible not to be imprisoned at all for such crimes, but something did not allow the court to impose a suspended sentence.

As a rule, this is either the opinion of the victims, or public outcry, or the defendant’s violation of a previous sentence. Imprisonment is still a last resort, used when other types of punishment do not work.

Conditions of detention in a colony-settlement

Colony-settlement is the mildest mode of serving real imprisonment. Convicts wear civilian clothes, can use money and carry valuables, and have unlimited communication with relatives and friends (not only by phone, but also during visits, the number of which is not limited). The number of transfers is also unlimited.

Positively characterized convicts can even, with the permission of the administration, go home on weekends or vacations. In addition, you can find a job outside the colony-settlement and go to work every day - practically “like all normal people.” All this, of course, with reservations, and subject to compliance with the regime. But in general, the FSIN understands that the wards of colony settlements are not really criminals, but just one name.

Conditions of detention in penal colonies are described in Article 129 of the Penal Code of the Russian Federation. In addition, colonists are subject to certain reservations introduced into the Internal Regulations of institutions of the penitentiary system. These “reservations” are basically provided just for some easing of the regime.

Here are the features of the detention of convicts in colony settlements, which are indicated by the Penal Code of the Russian Federation:

• in colony-settlements, convicts are kept without guards, but under the supervision of the administration of the colony-settlement;
• during the hours from getting up to lights out, convicts enjoy the right to free movement within the colony-settlement;
• with the permission of the administration of the colony-settlement, they can move without supervision outside the colony-settlement, but within the boundaries of the municipal entity on the territory of which the colony-settlement is located, if this is necessary due to the nature of the work they perform or in connection with training;
• convicts may wear civilian clothes;
• convicts may have money and valuables with them;
• convicts use money without restrictions;
• convicts receive parcels, parcels and parcels without restrictions;
• convicts may have visits without limiting their number.

Convicts live in dormitories (“barracks”) - the same as in general and strict regimes, but with a little more allowances. It is a mistake to believe that the residents of the command post “feel at home,” but the administration should not be excessively strict towards them. In practice, of course, things vary.

Often living conditions in a colony-settlement depend on the characteristics of the place where the settlement is located. For example, the establishment of KP-8 of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia for St. Petersburg and the Leningrad Region is located on the territory of “Old Crosses” - a former pre-trial detention center. Moreover, the quarantine department of the colony is located directly in the cells declared unsuitable for living. Of course, an old regime facility tends to be strict and restrictive. KP-8 is one of the harshest “villages” we know.

In general, colony settlements often resemble a pioneer camp more than a prison. In practice, this is a “high security pioneer camp.” Strict, of course, for a pioneer camp, but just soft enough for a colony.

Rights, obligations, prohibitions and restrictions

Prisoners have the right:

• Move around the settlement during the daytime.
• Move outside its boundaries, but only within the boundaries of the municipality and with the permission of the administration.
• Wear personal clothing.
• Receive and use money without restrictions on the amount.
• Receive parcels (if they do not contain prohibited items).
• The number of dates is not limited.
• Work within the framework of the requirements of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation.
• Study in institutions within the municipality.

The duty of prisoners in a colony settlement is to work. For refusal to work, the administration has the right to prohibit leaving the settlement for a month or place the person who refuses in a punishment cell. He also has no right to count on parole.

Among the restrictions:

• Prohibition of movement outside the colony without permission.
• Storage of documents in the administration.
• Impossibility of changing jobs without the consent of the settlement management.
• Conducting searches by colony staff.

It is prohibited in the colony:

• Products containing alcohol (alcohol and perfumes).
• Narcotic and medical substances.
• Weapons and tools that are used in their capacity.
• Phones, laptops and cameras.
• Cards.
• Pornography.
• Gambling.
• Transport.

Restrictions in a colony settlement are less stringent than in other places of deprivation of liberty.

Areas of colony settlements in correctional colonies

Sometimes so-called “settlement colony sections” are created in general regime correctional colonies. Typically, “sites” are designed for a small number of convicts - as a rule, they are used to carry out economic work on the territory of the penal colony.

As a rule, convicts held in regular colony settlements are transferred to KP sites based on their own applications, as well as by agreement with the KP administration.

We are aware of the practice of transferring convicts from the CP to the “CP site at the penal colony” for the purpose of considering applications for parole by another court. The court at the location of the KP was considered “impenetrable” among the convicts, so they sought to be transferred to another institution. This phenomenon is unlikely to be widespread, but it is quite interesting from the point of view of the practice of parole.

Parole from a colony-settlement

Among the common misconceptions about parole is this: allegedly, convicts held in colony settlements have the right to be released on parole before others. This is not entirely true. In fact, the period after which a convicted person becomes eligible for parole does not depend on the type of institution in which he is serving his sentence.

In fact, the calculation of parole depends on the severity of the crime. It’s just that the police station mainly houses people convicted of crimes of minor and medium gravity. They can actually be released early after serving only 1/3 of the sentence.

At the same time, there are also those in the villages who are serving sentences for serious and especially serious crimes, as well as for drugs. Their right to parole arises later - after 1/2, and after 2/3, and even after 4/5 of the term.

There seem to be two key features of parole from the CP:

1. Thanks to a more lenient regime, it is easier for convicts to collect documents and generally demonstrate a socially acceptable lifestyle.
2. It is much easier to get to a court hearing from a colony settlement. “Colonists” are often present when considering the issue of parole, they can independently defend their position before the court, and make one or another impression on the court.

However, there are also cases when being kept in a settlement colony rather prevents a person from being released on parole. In particular, we regularly encounter the fact that judges consider the punishment of imprisonment in a penal colony to be “mild anyway.” Villagers are often denied parole on flimsy grounds - this is especially true of some institutions of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia.

If you need help in drawing up a petition for parole or an appeal against a denial of parole, write to us. We will help you draw up documents. Our address:

A! Here's another thing that's important . Upon arrival at the colony-settlement, you immediately need to write an application for employment - “due to the difficult financial situation of my family and the need to settle the claims of the victims, I ask you to employ me in any paid job.” It will help when applying for parole.

How to write a term paper on speech therapy

07.09.2010 262635

These guidelines are compiled to help students gain an understanding of the content and structure of coursework in speech therapy.

Logopedia of pedagogical science that studies anomalies of speech development with normal hearing, explores the manifestations, nature and mechanisms of speech disorders, develops the scientific basis for overcoming and preventing them means of special training and education.

The subject of speech therapy as a science is speech disorders and the process of training and education of persons with speech disorders.

The object of study is a person suffering from a speech disorder.

The main task of speech therapy as a science is the study, prevention and elimination of various types of speech disorders.

Coursework in speech therapy is a student's scientific and experimental research. This type of educational activity, provided for by the educational and professional program and curriculum, contributes to the acquisition of skills in working with literature, analyzing and summarizing literary sources in order to determine the range of insufficiently studied problems, determining the content and methods of experimental research, processing skills and qualitative analysis of the results obtained. The need to complete coursework in speech therapy is due to the updating of knowledge concerning the content, organization, principles, methods and techniques of speech therapy work.

As a rule, during their studies, students must write two term papers - theoretical and practical.

The first course work should be devoted to the analysis and synthesis of general and specialized literature on the chosen topic. Based on this analysis, it is necessary to justify and develop a method of ascertaining (diagnostic) experiment.

In the second course work, it is necessary to provide an analysis of the results obtained during the ascertaining experiment, as well as determine the directions and content of speech therapy work, and select adequate methods and techniques of correction.

So, let’s present the general requirements for the content and design of coursework in speech therapy.

The initial and most important stage of working on a course project is the choice of a topic, which is either proposed by the supervisor or chosen by the student independently from a list of topics that are consistent with the areas of scientific research of the department.

Each topic can be modified, considered in different aspects, but taking into account a theoretical and practical approach. Having chosen a topic, the student needs to think through in detail its specific content, areas of work, practical material, etc., which should be reflected both in the formulation of the topic and in the further construction of the study. It should be recalled that the chosen topic may not only have a purely theoretical orientation, for example: “Dysarthria. Characteristics of the defect”, “Classification of dysgraphia”, but also take into account the practical significance of the problem under consideration, for example: “Speech therapy work on speech correction for dysarthria”. It should also be taken into account that when formulating a topic, excessive detail should be avoided, for example: “Formation of prosodic components of speech in preschoolers of the sixth year of life attending a preschool institution for children with severe speech impairments.”

The course work includes such mandatory parts as: introduction, three chapters, conclusion, bibliography and appendix.

The text of the term paper begins with the title page . An example of its design can be seen here.

Then the content of the work is given, in which the names of chapters, paragraphs, and sections are formulated in strict accordance with the content of the thesis. An example of its design can be seen here.

In the text, each subsequent chapter and paragraph begins on a new page. At the end of each chapter, the materials are summarized and conclusions are formulated.

The introduction reveals the relevance of the problem under consideration in general and the topic being studied in particular; the problem, subject, object, and purpose of the study are defined. In accordance with the goal and hypothesis, objectives and a set of research methods aimed at achieving the objectives must be defined.

The relevance of the topic lies in reflecting the current level of pedagogical science and practice, meeting the requirements of novelty and usefulness.

When defining the research problem, it is important to indicate what practical tasks it will help to implement in training and educating people with speech pathology.

The object of research is understood as certain aspects of pedagogical reality, perceived through a system of theoretical and practical knowledge. The ultimate goal of any research is to improve this object.

The subject of research is some part, property, element of an object, i.e. the subject of research always indicates a specific aspect of the object that is to be studied and about which the researcher wants to gain new knowledge. An object is a part of an object.

You can give an example of the formulation of the object, subject and problem of research:

– The object of the study is the speech activity of preschool children with phonetic-phonemic speech disorders.

– The subject of the study is the features of intonation speech of children with phonetic-phonemic speech disorders.

– The research problem is to determine effective directions for speech therapy work on the formation of intonation expressiveness of speech in the system of correctional intervention.

The purpose of the study contributes to the specification of the object being studied. The goal of any research is to solve a specific problem. The goal is specified in tasks taking into account the subject of research.

The research objectives are formulated in a certain sequence, which determines the logic of the research. The research objectives are set on the basis of a theoretical analysis of the problem and an assessment of the state of its solution in practice.

The first chapter is an analysis of literary sources, which examines the state of this problem in historical and modern aspects, and presents the most important theoretical principles that formed the basis of the study.

When writing the first chapter, you should pay attention to the fact that the text of the course work must be written in a scientific style. When presenting scientific material, it is necessary to comply with the following requirements:

– Specificity – a review of only those sources that are necessary to disclose only a given topic or solve only a given problem;

– Clarity – which is characterized by semantic coherence and integrity of individual parts of the text;

– Logicality – which provides for a certain structure of presentation of the material;

– Reasoning – evidence of thoughts (why this and not otherwise);

– Precision of wording, excluding ambiguous interpretation of the authors’ statements.

A literary review of the state of the problem being studied should not be reduced to a consistent presentation of literary sources. It should present a generalized description of the literature: highlight the main directions (currents, concepts, points of view), analyze in detail and evaluate the most fundamental works of representatives of these directions.

When writing a work, the student must correctly use literary materials, make references to the authors and sources from which the results of scientific research are borrowed. Failure to provide required references will reduce your coursework grade.

As a rule, in coursework on speech therapy, references to literary sources are formatted as follows: the number of the cited source in the general list of references is placed in square brackets. For example: General speech underdevelopment is a speech pathology in which there is a persistent lag in the formation of all components of the language system: phonetics, vocabulary and grammar [17].

When using quotations, in square brackets, in addition to indicating the source number, the page number from which this excerpt is taken is indicated, for example: Speech rhythm is based on a physiological and intellectual basis, since, firstly, it is directly related to the rhythm of breathing. Secondly, being an element that performs a communicative function, “correlates with meaning, i.e. controlled intellectually” [23, P.40].

However, course work should not be of a purely abstract nature, so you should not abuse the unreasonable abundance of citations. Quoting should be logically justified, convincing and used only when really necessary.

In the second chapter , devoted to experimental research, the organization should be described and the program of the ascertaining experiment should be presented. The survey methodology, as a rule, consists of a description of several series of tasks, with detailed instructions, visual and lexical material, the procedure for completing tasks by experiment participants, and scoring criteria. This chapter also provides a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the results obtained.

When analyzing the results of an experiment, it is necessary to use a scoring system. Examples of various criteria for quantitative and qualitative assessment are presented in the following works:

– Glukhov V.P. Formation of coherent speech in preschool children with general speech underdevelopment. - M.: Arkti, 2002. - 144 p.

– Fotekova T.A. Test methodology for diagnosing oral speech of primary schoolchildren. - M.: Arkti, 2000. - 56 p.

– Levchenko I.Yu. Pathopsychology: Theory and practice. - M.: Academy, 2000. - 232 p.

In order to visually present the results obtained during the experimental study, it is recommended to use tables, graphs, diagrams, etc. Histograms can be used in a variety of ways - columnar, cylindrical, planar, volumetric, etc. An example of the design of tables, figures, and histograms can be found here.

The third chapter provides a rationale for the proposed methods and techniques and reveals the content of the main stages of correctional work.

The conclusion contains a summary of the material presented and the main conclusions formulated by the author.

The bibliography must contain at least 25 sources. The list includes bibliographic information about the sources used in preparing the work. An example of its design can be seen here.

In the application you can present bulky tables or illustrations, examination protocols, observation records, products of activity (drawings, written works of children), notes from speech therapy classes, etc.

The volume of one course work must be at least 30 pages of typewritten text.

In general, coursework in speech therapy is the basis for a future thesis, in which the study of the begun problem can be continued, but from the standpoint of a different approach or a comparative analysis of the disorders being studied in different age categories of people with different types of speech disorders.

The content and format of theses in speech therapy can be found here.

Literature:

1. How to write a term paper on speech therapy: Methodological recommendations. Educational and methodological manual / Comp. Artemova E.E., Tishina L.A. / Ed. Orlova O.S. – M.: MGOPU, 2008. – 35 p.

2. Research work of students in the system of higher professional pedagogical education (specialty 031800 - Speech therapy). Methodological recommendations for completing the thesis / Compiled by. L.V. Lopatina, V.I. Lipakova, G.G. Golubeva. - St. Petersburg: Publishing house of the Russian State Pedagogical University named after. A. I. Herzen, 2002. - 140 p.

Transfer to a colony-settlement under Article 78 of the Penal Code of the Russian Federation (“over-regime”)

According to Article 78 of the Criminal Executive Code of Russia, positive convicts serving sentences in general and strict regime colonies can be transferred to a settlement colony.

The decision on such a transfer is made by the court - on the proposal of the head of the colony where the convicted person is serving his sentence, or at the request of the convicted person or his lawyer.

Why do courts deny parole?

To obtain the right to re-regime, a convicted person must serve in a general regime colony - at least a quarter of the sentence (and must be kept in light conditions of detention), and in a maximum security colony - at least a third. At the same time, the term has been increased for those who previously violated the terms of parole - they will have to spend at least half of the term in prison, as well as those who are convicted of especially serious crimes - they will have to serve 2/3 of the assigned term.

As we have already mentioned, the administration of a general or strict regime colony can also apply to the court to transfer a convicted person to a penal colony. This does not happen as rarely as it might seem, but most petitions are still filed by the convicted themselves.

Applications for transfer to a colony-settlement are submitted by the convicted person through the administration of the institution where he is serving his sentence, and by a lawyer - directly to the court. The materials are considered by the courts at the location of the colony - as in the case of parole and ZNBM.

In general, in its legal meaning, “re-regime” is closest to replacing punishment with a more lenient form.

It is also important to make a reservation that a convicted person can be “transformed” in the opposite direction - from a colony-settlement to a general one. Those who were transferred from general or strict regime to a settlement colony can be returned back if the convicted person does not justify the trust of the court. The issue will be considered by the court again.

Of course, the replacement of the regime with a more strict one always occurs on the initiative of the colony-settlement. At the same time, the courts quite rarely take the side of the convicted, usually satisfying the requests of the institutions.

Those convicted of crimes due to negligence and transferred to colony settlements from general and strict regimes are kept separately - for this purpose, the FSIN system provides for different settlements. Even when convicts are in the same institution, they are kept and work separately - they should not intersect with each other, according to the Penal Code of the Russian Federation.

How to get permission to date?

Only close relatives have the right to long-term visits.

So who is allowed in? These include the following persons:

• Legal spouses;
• Parents;
• Children;
• Brothers and sisters;
• Adoptive parents and adopted children;
• Grandmothers and grandfathers;
• Grandchildren.

In theory, illegitimate wives cannot have the right to long-term visitation . But is everything so clear in this matter? How can a common-law wife get a date with a convicted person?

To get the long-awaited date, you will need to pity the head of the colony. The head of the correctional institution has the right to independently authorize or prohibit visits with non-close relatives.

Therefore, in order to go on a date, you must first submit a written request to the head of the colony.

It’s good if your husband has impeccable behavior, and the head of the colony is lenient towards other people’s requests.

To be more convincing, you can provide a certificate of cohabitation, which can be requested from the housing and communal services department.

What certificates are needed for a long visit in a colony?

What to cook for a date? Regardless of whether you are a close or distant relative, all visitors will need to undergo a short medical examination before the date.

Each correctional institution may have its own list of certificates that may be required for this.

But, in general, the following medical documents are required:

• Blood test for HIV, RW (syphilis), hepatitis C;
• Fluorography;
• Gynecologist's report;
• Conclusion of a venereologist;
• The therapist's conclusion.

The hospital and the colony itself will tell you how to obtain these certificates.

Obviously, this is done to ensure that none of the visitors can bring into the zone such serious diseases as tuberculosis, hepatitis, and sexually transmitted diseases.

In addition to medical documentation, it is required to submit documents that would confirm the fact of relationship with the convicted person and its degree. Wives carry marriage certificates, parents and children – birth certificates.

No one will be allowed on a date without an identification document.

What to take with you to a colony settlement

By and large, there is no great need to prepare for a colony settlement in any special way. There are no restrictions on transfers in these institutions, and everything actually needed can be sent in a parcel or delivered in person, or purchased at a local kiosk. Upon arrival, you need to prepare only what will be needed in the first two weeks that the convict will spend in quarantine.

Here's what it won't be easy to do without:

• warm clothes and shoes, socks are a must,
• comfortable slippers,
• shaving and soap-snout accessories;
• shampoo and washing powder;
• cigarettes (even if the convicted person does not smoke);
• books for reading, writing materials;
• sweets and tea/coffee;
• some allowed products - in case there is a problem with feeding.

I recommend having the criminal and criminal procedure codes with you. If you don’t need them, you can leave them in the institution’s library - there is always a shortage of these books. You will do a good deed.

During the quarantine period there will be no meetings and they usually don’t want to miss programs either. In fact, this is the only period of blockade when the convicted person cannot buy something himself or receive it from outside. In addition, he has not yet established social connections in the colony itself, that is, he has no one to ask for what he needs.