Correctional colonies: types of regimes and conditions of serving

General regime colonies are divided into women's and men's. This includes those who have committed a serious crime for the first time, or have not yet served a sentence of imprisonment, limited to a suspended sentence and those who have violated its conditions. Also, prisoners from settlement colonies who maliciously violated the rules of serving their sentences, and prisoners from colonies for minors who have reached the age of majority are transferred to the general regime. It is worth noting that female criminals, regardless of the severity of the crime committed and relapse, serve their sentences only in general regime colonies. Such a colony is a closed correctional institution, and only persons who have reached the age of majority are kept in it.

General regime colony

The colony has living and working areas. As a rule, the workshops are staffed by prisoners who have a working specialty, or who have been trained in a craft right there on the territory of the colony. Proceedings in prison have several directions. For the most part, prisoners make work clothes, furniture and interior parts.

General regime colony

In the living area there are cells, a toilet, a shower or bathhouse and a dining room. On the territory of a general regime colony, as a rule, there is a library and an assembly hall, where prisoners conduct various theatrical performances. There is also a punishment cell where convicts who have maliciously violated the detention regime are kept.

Cells in general regime colonies vary in capacity. Basically, there are 40 convicts in a room. In men's colonies, the norm is two square meters per person, in women's colonies three and a half square meters. The toilet and dining room are located separately from the main cells.

Prisoners are provided with clothing: underwear, shirts, outerwear and shoes. Shoes and clothing are designed to be issued every three years of imprisonment, underwear is issued once a year.

general information

The concept of a correctional colony

A correctional colony means an institution designed to imprison criminals.
A general regime colony and a strict regime colony imply the residence of prisoners in premises designed for joint living. The minimum floor area per prisoner is 2 square meters for men and 3 square meters for women.

Such correctional colonies are often called zones, due to the fact that these institutions are zoned into separate territories:

The industrial part where convicts carry out labor activities.
The residential part in which criminals live and eat, participate in cultural events, study, receive medical care, and wash. The residential part includes an administrative complex.
The local part, which is used for prisoners' walks.

Peculiarities

Isolation from the outside world is carried out using a fenced perimeter, which is constantly guarded using guard buildings and patrols operating on the premises. To stop escapes and any illegal actions, CCTV cameras are additionally used. Attention! Correction of persons imprisoned in such institutions is carried out through the use of retribution measures aimed at facilitating the conditions of detention of guilty persons who comply with the rules of detention, act in accordance with the schedule and obey all the requirements of the colony management.

General regime colonies in Russia

Who are they holding?

Correctional colonies are institutions designed to house adult men and women.
Moreover, according to the law, prisoners of opposite sexes are not allowed to stay together on the territory of one colony, even if there are fences around the perimeter that delimit the institution into parts. These correctional institutions are used to maintain:

Persons who are sentenced to imprisonment for the first time for committing unlawful acts to a grave degree.
Persons who received a sentence for committing unlawful acts through negligence, if its maximum duration does not exceed 5 years.
Persons sentenced to perform correctional labor or restriction of freedom, if the court subsequently replaced these punishments due to the person’s malicious evasion from their execution, were replaced by the court with imprisonment.
Criminals sentenced to stay in penal colonies due to violations of the conditions of stay in such correctional institutions, sent or returned by the court to a general regime colony.
Adult convicts who previously served time in educational institutions.

The nuances of serving a sentence

Regular. The minimum period of stay is 6 months.
Strict, which are applied to persons who have been negatively characterized during their stay in general conditions of detention, for example, for violating the rules of the regulations.
If the convicted person has no violations, he worked conscientiously for at least six months of detention in general conditions, he can be transferred to lighter conditions.

Conditions of detention of convicts in correctional institutions

Conditions of serving the sentence

- these are the stages of correction of a convicted person, combined with an increase or decrease in legal restrictions depending on his behavior.
During the process of serving a sentence, the conditions of detention of a convicted person within the same correctional institution
change.

For this purpose, the RF Penal Code provided:

- in correctional colonies

three-stage system of serving a sentence (regular, light and strict conditions of detention);

- in educational colonies

– four-stage (regular, light, preferential and strict) conditions of detention;

- in prisons

– two-stage (general and strict) types of regime.

The basic conditions are the usual ones.

Depending on the behavior of convicts, it is possible that they may be moved to lighter conditions, where they are provided with additional preferences, and vice versa - in case of violation of the regime, they will be moved to strict conditions, where, on the contrary, the scope of the rights of convicts is reduced while at the same time keeping them, for example, in a locked cell. premises. The Penal Code of the Russian Federation allows repeated transfer from strict conditions of serving a sentence to ordinary ones, and from ordinary ones to lighter ones.

Contents of the conditions.

a) Persons sentenced to imprisonment can purchase food and basic necessities

by bank transfer from funds earned while serving a sentence, as well as from received pensions, social benefits and money transfers. The amount of funds allowed to be spent by convicted persons, other than those earned by them while serving their sentence, is established depending on the type of correctional institution. The amount of funds received from relatives and other persons can be spent is limited. Pregnant women, women with children, disabled people of groups I and II purchase food products from the funds available in their personal accounts without restrictions.

There are special shops in correctional institutions. Convicts visit them in their free time from work, in teams or in detachments.

Convicts in prisons and cell-type facilities of colonies do not visit the store themselves, but order goods through employees of the institutions using special application forms. Such purchases are made twice a month.

b) Dating

short-term visits lasting 4 hours and long visits lasting 3 days on the territory of the correctional institution, and in educational colonies - long visits with accommodation outside the correctional institution lasting 5 days.
The number of visits is determined depending on the type of correctional institution and conditions of detention. Short-term visits
are granted with relatives or other persons in the presence of a representative of the administration of the correctional institution.
Long visits
are granted with the right to live together with a spouse, parents, children, adoptive parents, adopted children, siblings, grandparents, grandchildren; with the permission of the head of the correctional institution - with other persons.

A person arriving for a long meeting with a convicted person is explained the procedure for conducting the meeting and is warned about the immediate termination of the meeting if a violation of the established rules is noticed. It is possible, and in some cases mandatory, to search those arriving on a date. If the order of the meetings is violated, they are immediately interrupted. Convicts are allowed to meet with no more than two adults, together with whom may be minor relatives of the convicted person. Food products, with the exception of alcoholic beverages, clothes of the convicted person, products and things the storage of which is not prohibited may be brought into the rooms for long visits. The conversation during a short-term meeting is conducted in a language understandable to the administration representative. Currently, the administration does not have the right to refuse a visit even for violating the order of serving a sentence, with the exception of the case when he is kept in a punishment cell. The first meeting may be granted to the convicted person immediately upon his arrival at the correctional institution.

To receive legal assistance, convicts, at their request, are granted meetings without limiting their number with a lawyer in private, out of earshot of third parties and without the use of technical means of listening. The administration does not have the right to deny a convicted person a meeting with a lawyer under any pretext. These dates are not counted among the established ones, their number and duration are not limited, but they are held outside working hours and during the hours from rising to lights out.

c) Persons sentenced to imprisonment are allowed to receive parcels, packages and packages

in established quantities depending on the type and regime of the correctional institution, and for women and persons kept in educational colonies - without limitation.

The weight of a parcel or parcel is determined by postal rules. The weight of the parcel must not exceed the established weight of one parcel. Sick convicts and disabled people of groups I and II can receive additional parcels. Parcels with medicines received by convicts in accordance with a medical report are not included in the established number of parcels.

Parcels, parcels and parcels are subject to inspection. The opening and inspection of their contents is carried out by inspectors in the presence of the addressee.

The discovered money is confiscated and credited to the personal accounts of the convicts with a penalty for forwarding at the rate of postal transfers. Money hidden in a clever way turns into state income. Unauthorized investments are confiscated and placed in a warehouse or destroyed. With the permission of the administration of the correctional institution, convicts can send parcels and parcels to any person.

d) Correspondence of persons sentenced to imprisonment, receiving and sending money transfers

.
Persons sentenced to imprisonment are allowed to receive and send letters or telegrams at their own expense without limiting their number. Sending and receiving letters is done through the administration. On the territory of the colony, mailboxes are posted in each isolated area. In prisons and cell-type premises of colonies, convicts hand over letters to be sent to administration representatives. Correspondence
received and sent by convicts .
Therefore, letters are dropped into mailboxes or handed over to administration representatives unsealed. The correspondence of the convicted person with the court, the prosecutor's office, a higher body of the penal system, as well as with the Commissioner for Human Rights in the Russian Federation, commissioners for human rights in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, the public monitoring commission, and the European Court of Human Rights is not subject to censorship.
Correspondence with a defense attorney is not subject to censorship, except in cases where the administration of the correctional institution has reliable information that the information contained in the correspondence is aimed at initiating, planning or organizing a crime or involving other persons in its commission. In these cases, mail items are opened by a reasoned decision of the head of the correctional institution or his deputy. Letters written in secret writing, code or using other conventions or jargon, as well as those of a cynical nature, are not sent to the addressee, which is announced to the convicted person, and then destroyed. Correspondence between convicts who are not relatives held in correctional institutions is allowed only with the permission of the administration. Convicts have the right to receive money transfers and send them to close relatives, and with the permission of the administration - to other persons.

e) Those sentenced to imprisonment are given the right to telephone conversations

lasting up to 15 minutes each. Telephone calls are paid for by convicts at their own expense, at the expense of their relatives or other persons. The administration can control the content of a telephone conversation; it can be terminated after an appropriate warning from the employee monitoring the conversation. Telephone conversations between convicts held in correctional institutions are prohibited.

f) Watching films and television programs and listening to radio programs by those sentenced to imprisonment.

Those sentenced to imprisonment, except those serving sentences in prison, as well as those in punishment cells, cell-type premises, single cell-type premises and solitary confinement, are shown films and videos at least once a week. They are allowed to watch television and listen to radio programs during free hours, except at night. Convicts can purchase televisions and radios at their own expense through a trading network or receive them from relatives or other persons.

g) Acquisition and storage of literature and writing materials by persons sentenced to imprisonment.

Those sentenced to imprisonment are allowed to receive writing materials in parcels, parcels and parcels: notebooks, envelopes, postcards, stamps, fountain pens, rods, pencils, ink and rods in black, blue and purple. Colored pencils and colored pencils are prohibited. Convicts are allowed to purchase literature through the bookselling network. It is prohibited to receive it in parcels, parcels and transfers from private individuals. Convicts have the right to subscribe to newspapers and magazines at their own expense. Due to cramped conditions for storing personal belongings, convicts are allowed to carry no more than 10 copies of books and magazines. The number of textbooks is not limited.

h) Positively characterized convicts serving imprisonment in colonies, as well as convicts left for economic maintenance in pre-trial detention centers and prisons, may be allowed to move without an escort or escort outside the correctional institution

, if necessary due to the nature of the work they perform. Travel without an escort is provided to adult convicts held in correctional colonies, prisons and pre-trial detention centers, and movement without an escort is granted to convicts held in educational colonies. Convicts enjoying this right are accommodated in separate living quarters and are issued a special pass. Movement is permitted during the hours and along the route specified in the pass.

Permission to travel without an escort or escort is revoked by a decision of the head of the correctional institution. Travel without convoy or escort is not provided

:1) convicted with a particularly dangerous recidivism; 2) those for whom the death penalty by way of pardon has been replaced by imprisonment; 3) convicts who have been in this correctional institution for less than 6 months; 4) having uncollected or outstanding penalties; 5) sentenced to life imprisonment; 6) those convicted of committing especially serious crimes; 7) in strict conditions of detention; patients with open form of tuberculosis; 9) who have not completed the full course of treatment for sexually transmitted diseases, alcoholism, drug addiction, substance abuse; 10) HIV-infected; 11) suffering from mental disorders that do not exclude sanity.

i) Travel of persons sentenced to imprisonment outside correctional institutions

. This applies to those kept in colonies and those left for economic maintenance. The following trips outside correctional institutions are permitted:

1) long-term - for the duration of annual paid leave, and for convicted men over 60 years of age, women over 55 years of age, disabled people of groups I and II, minors or convicted persons not provided with work - for a period equal to the time of annual paid leave: in an educational colony - 18 working days, other correctional institutions - 12 working days;

2) short-term - long-term up to 7 days, not counting travel time:

a) due to exceptional personal circumstances: death or serious illness of a close relative that threatens his life; a natural disaster that caused significant damage to the convicted person or his family;

b) for preliminary resolution of issues of labor and living arrangements after release;

3) short-term - lasting up to 15 days:

a) women who have children in orphanages in correctional colonies, to place them with relatives or in an orphanage;

b) women with minor children -.

Convicts are not allowed to travel: 1) in case of a particularly dangerous recidivism; 2) convicts for whom the death penalty by way of pardon has been replaced by imprisonment; 3) sentenced to life imprisonment; 4) convicts suffering from an open form of tuberculosis; 5) convicts who have not completed the full course of treatment for venereal disease, alcoholism, substance abuse, drug addiction; 6) HIV-infected convicts, as well as in the case of anti-epidemiological measures. Convicts suffering from mental disorders, disabled people of group I or II, requiring outside care for health reasons, minors are allowed to travel outside the correctional institution, accompanied by a relative or other accompanying person. The time spent outside the institution is counted towards the term of serving the sentence. Expenses are paid by the convicted person or other persons. Upon arrival at the scene, the convicted person is required to appear at the police station for registration. He is obliged to appear there on the day of departure.

If a convicted person evades returning to a correctional institution on time, he is subject to detention for up to 30 days, or is sent to the place of serving his sentence under escort, or is brought to criminal liability under Art. 314 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. A message about this is sent to the head of the correctional institution. The departure of convicted persons to the territory of another state is permitted only if an agreement has been concluded between the Russian Federation and that state.