Casino in Russia. The situation with the gambling business in 2022

Entertainment

Gambling business

* The calculations use average data for Russia

How things are in the gambling business by the beginning of 2022, what gambling zones are like today and whether there are prospects for opening a casino in Russia - we’ll talk about all this in this article.

The gambling business, which was developing so rapidly in Russia until 2009, has undergone a significant transformation. First of all, it was caused by changes in legislation in the field of organizing casinos and slot machine halls. Let’s analyze what the industry managed to achieve by the beginning of 2022, but first, let’s understand the very concept of “gambling business.”

Modern gambling business in Russia

Despite some restrictions regarding gambling in Russia, it is thriving in the country due to the high demand. According to the legislation of the Russian Federation, gambling is considered a type of entrepreneurial activity based on receiving income from winnings. It exists in the following forms:

• Casino . As a rule, these are rooms with gaming tables and machines. The profit received from the activities of the casino makes the entrepreneur the organizer of the gambling business.
• Sweepstakes and bookmakers . Sports betting and gaming are also part of the gambling business. Bookmakers accept cash bets on various sporting events. Business is based on predicting the outcome of a game.

According to Article 9 of Federal Law 244, gambling is permitted in the following territories of the Russian Federation:

• Republic of Crimea;
• Altai region;
• Kaliningrad region;
• Primorsky Krai;
• Krasnodar region.

Gaming points in other regions of Russia are considered illegal and are subject to liquidation. All casinos and bookmakers must have a special permit (license) to operate, otherwise they are also subject to closure.

You can read the full text of Federal Law 244 by following the link.

Gambling zone "Krasnaya Polyana"

Location: Sochi, Krasnodar region.

The decision to establish a gambling zone in Sochi was made after the 2014 Olympics.

On January 5, 2022, the opening of the Sochi Casino and Resort took place on the territory of the Gorki Gorod resort. On December 19, 2017, the Bonus Slots slot machine hall began operating. On January 4, 2019, the Boomerang casino opened in the gambling zone.

More than 1,600 employees work in gambling establishments in Krasnaya Polyana.

Gambling business on the Internet

With the spread of the Internet, online casinos and bookmakers began to emerge. According to the latest data, gambling is one of the most profitable segments of the network. The following sites are popular:

• Gaming Club;
• Vulcan Russia;
• JackpotCity;
• NetGame
• 777Planet.

On these resources, the visitor can play standard games: roulette, machines (slots), poker and more.

Despite the fact that gambling is officially prohibited in most parts of Russia, the law has no power to influence the spread of casinos and betting on the Internet. Foreign sites can operate without problems on the territory of the Russian Federation, which is why some online casinos disguise themselves as foreign casinos and bookmakers. For example, it is not prohibited by law to obtain a license from the gaming commission of Malta or Antigua and Barbuda, and with this permission to organize an online casino.

Gambling zone "Golden Coast": will open in 2024

The Crimean gambling zone called Zolotoy Bereg, the construction of which began in 2022, will be opened in 2024 in the urban village of Katsiveli in Greater Yalta.

The dilapidated buildings of the Fortuna sanatorium, which was unfinished in Soviet times, located on the site allocated for the gambling zone will be demolished, and in their place a single complex will be built, including a casino, a hotel with apartments, restaurants, cafes, a summer theater, a cinema and concert hall, a conference hall, and open areas. , a network of internal automobile, bicycle and pedestrian promenades, places for sports, outdoor and indoor swimming pools, as well as a parking and transport service area.

The total investment in the gambling zone will exceed 3 billion rubles.

Taxes

Starting from 2022, the Russian government plans to gradually raise the tax on the gambling business. This year the numbers have doubled compared to previous years. Officials explain this by the fact that previously gambling taxes were not indexed, so now they plan to catch up.

In the table we will look in more detail at what taxes exist for the gambling business and their size.

The calculation of taxes on the gambling business is regulated by Chapter 29 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation. You can read its full text by following the link.

Regulatory acts

The gaming business in Russia is a specific type of business, accompanied by increased attention and control from the state.

In 2009, there was a wave of public outrage across the country related to gambling addiction among citizens, mostly under 18 years of age.

Gambling business is allowed for a Russian entrepreneur, but the specifics of state regulation and the presence of prohibitions in this area create difficulties both during opening and in subsequent periods.

There are at least two regulations that discuss the procedure and principles for regulating the gambling business and entrepreneurship in this area:

• Federal Law No. 244 of December 29, 2006 - the regulatory act does not contain a direct definition of the term “gambling business”, but refers to the activity as “gambling”;
• Art. 364 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation - defines gambling as a commercial activity involving the establishment of gambling.

Gambling is an agreement between 2 participants, the subject of which is the probability of the player receiving a win in cases determined by the rules of the founder of the gambling business. Depending on the type of game, there are several players involved.

Organization of gambling business

The gambling market has always been profitable, as the number of people wishing to try their luck does not decrease every year. However, organizing your own casino or bookmaker’s office is not an easy task when it comes to legal activities. It should be understood that to start, large investments are required (obtaining a license, purchasing equipment, renting premises). Let's take a step-by-step look at how to organize a gambling business in Russia:

1. Obtaining a license . This is a mandatory item if you do not want problems with the law in the future. We will tell you later in the article how to get permission to open your own gaming outlet.
2. Search and rental of premises . It should be noted that a casino or bookmaker should not be located in the same building as educational or recreational institutions, or in a residential building. To begin with, you can rent a small non-residential premises with an area of ​​up to 200 square meters; in the future, if the business is successful, you can expand it.
3. Purchase of equipment and furniture . First of all, these are tables and chairs, cloth (for casinos), bar counters. As for gambling equipment, you will need slot machines, gaming tables, accessories for poker and other gambling games if you plan to open a casino. For a bookmaker's office, it is necessary to purchase a betting cash desk.
4. Hiring employees . The number of people working at the point depends on the size of the business. For small casinos and bookmakers, a few employees are enough. Large entertainment venues will need at least several dozen people. Please note that all employees must be adults.

To organize a gambling business from scratch, you need to have start-up capital. We will talk about the amount of initial expenses later in the article.

Arbitrage practice

To confirm that a citizen is the organizer of an illegal business, a number of points must be established.

Among them:

• 
  Availability of confirmed information about involvement in organizing games

• Confirmation of the use of Internet resources
• Availability of necessary equipment (tables, machines, equipment)
• Lack of documentary permission
• Availability of large profits

The violator can be brought to justice only if the method of committing the illegal act and the methods used are clearly defined.

Gambling business is an activity that is almost completely prohibited in Russia. The only exceptions are a few gaming zones, where casinos are allowed to operate if they have a license. Bookmakers, lotteries and sweepstakes are not subject to prohibitions if they operate in accordance with the standards established by law.

Top

Write your question in the form below

Opening a gambling business on the Internet

According to statistics, about 5 billion people use the Internet every day, many of them love to gamble. Therefore, online casinos flourish and receive maximum profits. It should be taken into account that there is already quite a lot of competition in this segment at the moment, so you need to approach the organization of the project with particular scrupulousness. Opening an online casino or bookmaker website includes several stages:

• Purchase a license . Having a permit to organize gambling allows you to expand your business in the future and avoid problems with the law.
• Analyze the market . Look at what is missing in domestic online casinos. For example, most Russian sites offer roulette games, but there are practically no poker or slots. Consider what features might differentiate you from your competitors.
• Buying hosting . If you are planning to organize a serious project, then you need hosting at least so that users can use your site uninterruptedly, and all software is protected from hacker attacks; protection against Ddos attacks, use bulletproof hosting.
• Purchasing gaming software . Modern online gambling games are complex systems that require not only uninterrupted operation, but also development, programming, design, drawing of details, etc. High-quality software will help attract more customers to your website;
• Introduction of a payment system . Most often, Visa/MasterCard bank cards or electronic wallets (WebMoney, Qiwi, PayPal) are used to pay on gambling sites. You will have to negotiate with representatives of payment systems through technical support.

To create a casino or bookmaker online, you need to negotiate with programmers and web developers. Remember that high-quality website support is the key to the success of the online gambling business.

License

Unfortunately, obtaining a license in Russia is impossible, since gambling is officially prohibited in the country (with the exception of five regions). The legal solution in such a situation is to purchase an offshore permit. You can purchase a license in the following countries:

After obtaining a license, organizing a casino or bookmaker's office (including on the Internet) will be completely legal. Obtaining a permit is not a cheap procedure, but without it it is difficult to recruit clients and further promote the business.

Who can be the founder

Article 6 of Federal Law No. 244 contains requirements for organizers. Failure to comply with these requirements in most cases leads to refusal to issue a license.

Requirements include:

• Registration of a citizen on the territory of the Russian Federation
• Legal entity status
• Prohibition for persons with outstanding convictions for crimes in the economic sphere or causing bodily harm

It is also important to note that the amount of authorized capital required by law is from 100 million rubles.

Gambling business income

All over the world, casinos and bookmakers are considered the most profitable niche for generating income. It is difficult to calculate how much money owners of betting shops and gambling establishments in the Russian Federation receive monthly, since there are no official statistics. In addition, the amount of income depends on many factors:

• How big is the business? In small bookmakers, the turnover of funds amounts to several tens of thousands of rubles per month, while large casinos receive monthly income of 2–3 million rubles or more.
• Type of business. Bookmakers and casinos are equally popular in the Russian Federation, but competition should be taken into account. If you are going to open a project, similar to which already exists in the city or on the Internet, the level of income may not be high.

The popularity of gambling makes a business profitable in the eyes of potential investors. With proper organization of the project and a good marketing strategy, the profit will be significant.

Online business efficiency

Organizers of online casinos make profits from customer losses. This is a simple diagram that explains why this type of activity is very profitable. In addition to the money received in cases of losses, many online casinos provide fees for the right to participate in various games or place bets.

An additional source of profit is registration fees when participating in tournaments.

Despite the profit, operating an online casino is associated with numerous costs, including:

• 
  Taxes

• Costs of maintaining online resources
• Advertising company
• Settlement with investors and partners
• Employee salaries

It is also necessary to understand that not every Internet user is interested in spending money on dubious gambling sites. Recently, the level of trust in online casinos has been falling, and many users refuse to place large bets to the detriment of the organizers.

Illegal gambling business

A gambling business is considered illegal if there is no permission for its organization. According to Article 171.2 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, running gambling and betting without a license is punishable by:

• Penalties of up to 500 thousand rubles;
• Prison term up to 5 years.

You can read the full text of Article 171.2 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation by following the link.

Since obtaining a license is an expensive procedure, recently cases of illegal organization of gambling business have become more frequent. You should remember criminal liability and act within the law.

Administrative responsibility

The operation of an illegal casino or betting shop is regarded as carrying out business activities without a license. This offense is described in Art. 14.1 Code of Administrative Offences. For such an unlawful action, a fine (from 2,000 to 2,500 rubles) and confiscation of gambling equipment is provided.

For legal entities, this violation faces a fine of 40 to 50 thousand rubles. with confiscation of the property of an illegal organization.

Experience of Western countries

Governments of other countries have different attitudes towards the organization and conduct of gambling:

• USA . As in Russia, in the United States of America, casinos and betting are allowed only in certain cities: Las Vegas and Atlantic City. In the States, a license is issued only for the organization of certain forms of gambling establishments: horse racing betting, Indian casinos, card clubs, lotteries and charity casinos.
• Japan . Gambling is not officially permitted in Japan, but criminal groups (yakuza) organize underground games of mahjong, cards, and roulette. Punishments for people who break the law include a fine of up to 1 million yen or a prison term of up to 15 years.
• France . Another leading country in the number of operating casinos. Popular games: French roulette, slots, poker. Thus, the World Poker Tour tournament is held annually in Paris, in which any adult can participate. A license to organize and conduct gambling is issued by the Ministry of Justice after checking the equipment and premises for compliance with all legal norms.
• Germany . The country does not prohibit the organization of casinos and betting, but the legislation does not have clear rules regarding gambling. Germany is divided into 16 districts, each of which sets separate criteria for obtaining a license and the amount of tax on the gambling business. The age at which you can visit gambling establishments also differs: for example, in Baden-Baden, entry to the casino is only allowed from 21 years old, while in Berlin - from 18 years old.
• China . Gambling is prohibited almost throughout the country, with the exception of the province of Macau: the largest Chinese casinos are located there, some of which are more than 100 years old. You can conduct lotteries and bets on horse races, sporting events, and animal competitions after obtaining a license.

Most Western countries are loyal to the organization of the gambling business, because taxes on income go to the state treasury. However, violation of gambling laws is severely punished: in most cases with fines, sometimes with prison sentences.

Legal regulation of the activities of online casinos in Russia is a problem that has been relevant since the advent of the Runet. Legislation in this area hardly correlates with the practice of its application. As is known, the prohibition of activities related to the organization and conduct of gambling and lotteries using the Internet and other means of communication is contained in Article 15.1 No. 149-FZ “On information, information technologies and information protection”

1. Moreover, a direct prohibition on carrying out activities related to organizing and conducting gambling on the Internet, except for the cases provided for by the said Federal Law, is contained in clause 3 of Art.
5 of the Federal Law “On state regulation of activities related to the organization and conduct of gambling and on amendments to certain legislative acts of the Russian Federation”
2. For violation of these legal norms, the legislation provides for criminal and administrative liability.
Also in 2011,
Article 171.2

was introduced the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation , according to which the organization or conduct of gambling using gaming equipment outside the gambling zone, or using information and telecommunication networks, including the Internet, connected with the extraction of income on a large scale 3.
Administrative liability for the illegal organization and conduct of gambling using gaming equipment outside the gaming area or using information and telecommunication networks is enshrined in Article 14.1.1 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation
.
According to the amendments that came into force in January 2015, a person bears criminal or administrative liability for organizing gambling on the Internet, regardless of the amount of income received4. In addition, the distribution of online casino advertising also entails liability for the site owner, provided for in the above-mentioned article.
15.1 Federal Law “On Information” .
Such liability arises by virtue of Part 2 of Article 27 of the Federal Law “On Advertising
,” which introduces a ban on the publication of advertisements for risk-based games and betting on the Internet5.

“According to the amendments that came into force in January 2015, a person bears criminal or administrative liability for organizing gambling on the Internet, regardless of the amount of income received. In addition, the distribution of online casino advertising also entails liability for the site owner.”

The characteristics of illegal gaming content were given in the Order of the Federal Service for Supervision of Communications, Information Technology and Mass Communications, the Federal Service of the Russian Federation for Drug Control and the Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Welfare dated September 11, 2013 N 1022/368/666

: “Information on the organization and conduct of gambling and lotteries using the Internet and other means of communication that violates the requirements of No. 244-FZ includes information posted on the Internet that meets one or more of the following criteria: the presence of a photo , video, audio and (or) text, graphic information about the offer to take part in a game of chance, in a lottery, helping to attract the attention of a potential participant on the page in question on the Internet site, where there is an opportunity to take part in a game of chance, in lottery, place a bet, get a win”6. Moreover, the Order defines as appropriate criteria the presence of materials that give an idea of ​​gambling, the presence of a demonstration of participation in a gambling game, describing the process and sequence of actions in a gambling game, as well as the availability of the ability to transfer funds on the Internet page7. It should be noted that the legislation does not prohibit Internet users from participating in gambling, nor does it provide them with the opportunity to return funds lost due to the blocking of an illegal gaming site.

“It should be noted that the legislation does not prohibit Internet users from participating in gambling, nor does it provide them with the opportunity to return funds lost due to the blocking of an illegal gaming site.”

Despite the ban on organizing gambling sites, the law defines “ exceptional cases.”

"when the use of information and communication networks for gaming purposes is legal.
Yes, Art.
3 of the Federal Law “On State Regulation of Activities for the Organization and Conduct of Gambling and on Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation” contains a rule fixing the right to create by a bookmaker (or betting organizer) who has the necessary state license and is a member of an SRO, a website, accepting interactive bets.
Thus, it is not the organization of gaming as such on the Internet that is legalized, but the creation of auxiliary sites of licensed establishments in certain gaming areas8. Moreover, bookmakers and betting organizers are required to join a “ self-regulatory organization of organizers
” of gambling in bookmakers or a “
self-regulatory organization of organizers of gambling in betting shops
” within thirty days from the date of obtaining a license.

It is understood that the activities of self-regulatory organizations are aimed at ensuring the rights of owners of bookmakers or betting shops, as well as streamlining their work. Thus, on the official website of the self-regulatory organization “Association of Bookmakers”

proclaims: “
Our goal is to create favorable conditions for the implementation of bookmaker activities and its development in Russia
”9.
However, in practice, a situation arises when the sites of legalized bookmakers, whose activities are not prohibited, are often blocked (for example, Sportingbet.com
,
Ru.Sportingbet.com
,
Marathonbet.com
, etc.), in while
the Association of Bookmakers
approves legislative initiatives in favor of blocking (including pre-trial) bookmaker sites10. An even more paradoxical approach applies to poker sites that are advertised on federal channels but are prohibited by law.

At the moment, there are two grounds for blocking a site: 1) by a court decision that has entered into legal force and 2) by a decision of the competent state information authority having the appropriate powers. The legal process in relation to cases of blocking gaming sites has its own specifics. Typically, the initiators of the claim are the prosecutor's office, and the claim is considered at a court hearing, often in the absence of the accused, who is not notified of the consideration of the case. In the statement, the prosecutor's office identifies Roskomnadzor as the defendant, which, if the claim is satisfied, will have to carry out the procedure for blocking the site11. On average, this procedure takes from two to three months, and during this time the site continues to work. Thus, a situation often arises when the owner of a gaming site learns about a court decision that has entered into legal force only after the fact that his resource is blocked.

“At the moment, there are two grounds for blocking the site: 1) by a court decision that has entered into legal force and 2) by decision of the competent state information authority having the appropriate powers”

In the current judicial practice, there is an obvious tendency to satisfy claims against the owners of sites containing information that corresponds or has the potential to correspond to the characteristics of illegal gaming content indicated above.

The law enforcement environment was significantly influenced by Decision
No. 91-KGPR12-3 dated October 9, 2012
on the complaint
of Rostelecom OJSC
at the request of the deputy prosecutor of the Pskov region.
In the Determination, the Supreme Court expressed a tough position: “Resolving the stated demands of the deputy prosecutor of the Pskov region, the court came to the conclusion that the law does not provide for liability for the dissemination of information about gambling, including on the Internet. In itself, citizens’ access to sites containing information about gambling is not prohibited or limited by current legislation. The Judicial Collegium for Civil Cases of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation believes that it is impossible to agree with such conclusions of the courts.”12 The main arguments of the Court in defense of such a specific thesis boiled down to listing the norms of Russian legislation prohibiting the organization of gambling on the Internet.
The key point of the Definition was the paradoxical linguistic conclusion: “At the same time, providing access to participation in gambling using information and telecommunication services of networks, including the Internet, is actually the dissemination of information related to the implementation of gambling activities. Legal norms in their interrelation provide for a ban on the dissemination of information related to the activities of organizing gambling using information and telecommunications services of networks, including the Internet”13.

The practice of issuing convictions has expanded, and since the beginning of 2014, a total of more than 200 Internet gambling sites have been blocked. Even such large servers as Pokerstars

, have become targets for blocking. Many casinos, especially those focused on the Russian market, have opened so-called mirrors of their websites to continue their operation14.

“The practice of issuing convictions has expanded, and since the beginning of 2014, a total of more than 200 Internet gambling sites have been blocked.”

Difficulties in judicial blocking of gaming sites arise due to their location abroad, since it only applies to those providers and in those regions where the relevant decisions were made. These include Ruscasinos, Wm-Bingo, Diamond777, Worldslots, Grandmaster-casino, Ruvegas, Vegasred, Bet-at-home, as well as foreign casinos: Redkings, Eurocasion, Eurogrand, Europacasion, Titancasino and Casinoeuro15.

Since 2015, in connection with the amendments that came into force, Russian government bodies such as the Federal Tax Service , Roskomnadzor and the Prosecutor General's Office were authorized to make decisions on blocking a gambling site (its domain name, address or server IP address) without a court decision. The procedure for blocking a gambling site, as well as any resource containing content prohibited by law, takes place in the following order: the owner or hosting provider of the corresponding resource receives a notification from the regulatory authority about the need to remove prohibited content within three days. After deleting the information, the site is excluded from the register, otherwise the telecom operator restricts user access to this resource.

QIWI into the register of prohibited information on July 14, 2015

and
Skrill
16. This action, among other things, was motivated by the placement on these sites of links to offshore bookmakers, information about them and how to top up accounts on the sites of illegal bookmakers. However, the companies promptly complied with the department’s stated requirements, removing the illegal information, after which their pages were excluded from the register of prohibited sites.

“The procedure for blocking a gambling site, as well as any resource containing content prohibited by law, takes place in the following order: the owner or hosting provider of the corresponding resource receives a notification from the regulatory authority about the need to remove prohibited content within three days. After deleting the information, the site is excluded from the register, otherwise the telecom operator restricts user access to this resource."

Summarizing the above, we can conclude that the development of legislative and law enforcement practice in relation to gaming sites is moving along the path of tightening methods of “ fighting

"with them and expanding the scope of prohibitions.
It should be noted that initially the blocking of Internet gaming platforms was aimed at suppressing the circulation of gambling services in Russia as part of a large-scale project to regulate the gaming business, which is fraught with illegal enrichment and corruption. However, by completely prohibiting the activities of all network resources that provide access to gambling and even information about it, the legislator introduces a presumption of illegality of the entire business sector, and not its individual undesirable elements, thereby creating a restriction on freedom of entrepreneurship in Russia. Having been banned, the gambling business continues to exist underground (which for gaming sites are “ mirrors
” and other ways to bypass blocking), where its regulation by law enforcement agencies becomes impossible in principle. Moreover, virtual goods purchased in online games for real money are canceled and not refunded if the site is closed, causing serious losses to be incurred by law-abiding Internet users.

Text author: Maria Gorbunova

Photo source: onlinegamblingaffiliate.com

Federal Law “On Information, Information Technologies and Information Protection” dated July 27, 2006 N 149-FZ (current edition, 2016) // Consultant Plus URL: https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_61798/38c8ea666d27d9dc12b078c556e316e90248f551/ ( access date: 12/07/2016).

Federal Law “On state regulation of activities related to the organization and conduct of gambling and on amendments to certain legislative acts of the Russian Federation” dated December 29, 2006 N 244-FZ (current edition, 2016) // Consultant Plus URL: https://www. consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_64924/d6fb3580fbd6ef3e662688c02af241894aa7f3a6/ (date of access: 12/07/2016).

“Criminal Code of the Russian Federation” dated June 13, 1996 N 63-FZ (as amended on November 22, 2016) // Consultant Plus URL: https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_10699/b20820739fab5a2c2645f2c2dba2d73e9025f6e4/ (access date: 07 .12. 2016).

“Code of the Russian Federation on Administrative Offenses” dated December 30, 2001 N 195-FZ (as amended on November 22, 2016) // Consultant Plus URL: https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_34661/02c930dba802b5fb1564b5635a40d3a4e0e30ee 8/ (date of access: 12/07/2016).

Federal Law “On Advertising” dated March 13, 2006 N 38-FZ (current version, 2016) // Consultant Plus URL: https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_58968/ (date of access: 12/07/2016).

Order of Roskomnadzor N 1022, FSKN of Russia N 368, Rospotrebnadzor N 666 dated 09/11/2013 // Consultant Plus URL: https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_154598/ (date of access: 12/07/2016).

Right there.

Federal Law “On state regulation of activities related to the organization and conduct of gambling and on amendments to certain legislative acts of the Russian Federation” dated December 29, 2006 N 244-FZ (current edition, 2016) // Consultant Plus URL: https://www. consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_64924/ (date of access: 12/07/2016).

“Association of Bookmakers” URL: https://bookmakersro.ru/ (access date: 09.16.16).

SRO of bookmakers supported the initiative of the Ministry of Finance on pre-trial blocking of gambling sites // Bookmaker rating URL: https://bookmakersrating.ru/sro-bukmekerov-podderzhala-initsiativu-minfina-o-dosudebnoj-blokirovke-sajtov-azartny-h-igr/ ( access date: 09.16.16).

Gambling news // Blocking gaming sites URL: https://newsofgambling.com/blokirovka-igrovyh-sajtov/ (date of access: 09.16.16).

Ruling of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation dated 10/09/2012 N 91-KGPR12-3 The case on imposing the obligation to restrict the transfer of information was sent for a new consideration, since the court did not take into account that by force of law the defendant, when carrying out activities to provide communication services, is obliged to comply with the restrictions provided for law, and prevent its subscribers from accessing information prohibited by law. // URL: https://www.consultant.ru/cons/cgi/online.cgi?req=doc&base=ARB&n=303440 (access date: 09.16.16).

Right there.

Online casino sites are blocked in Russia // Casino Netent URL: https://bestnetentcasino.info/ru/rus/blokirovka-sajtov-azartnoj-tematiki (access date: 09.16.16).

Internet gambling has been turned off for Russians Read more: https://www.cnews.ru/news/top/rossiyanam_otklyuchili_azartnye_internetigry // Conews URL: https://www.cnews.ru/news/top/rossiyanam_otklyuchili_azartnye_internetigry (access date: 09.16.16 ).

Roskomnadzor included QIWI and Skrill in the register of prohibited sites for connections with online bookmakers // Bookmakers Rating URL: https://bookmakersrating.ru/roskomnadzor-vnes-qiwi-i-skrill-v-reestr-zapreshhenny-h-sajtov-za -svyaz-s-onlajn-bukmekerami/ (date of access: 09.16.16).