The case of journalist Ivan Golunov has drawn attention to the work of law enforcement agencies and the judicial system in combating drug trafficking. Kommersant studied in detail the main anti-drug article of the Criminal Code - 228: what it is about and how it is applied in practice.
- Article 228 provides for punishment for the illegal acquisition, storage, transportation, manufacture, processing of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances or their analogues, as well as plants or their parts containing these substances (hereinafter referred to as narcotic drugs).
- Article 228.1 (Ivan Golunov was charged with it) - for the production, sale or transfer of narcotic drugs.
- Article 228.2 - for violating the rules of drug trafficking.
- Article 228.3 and 228.4 - for the illegal acquisition, storage, transportation, production, sale or transfer of drug precursors (that is, substances used to manufacture drugs).
In addition to Article 228 with all its parts, penalties related to drug trafficking are contained in Articles 229–233 of the Criminal Code. The Code of Administrative Offenses also provides for administrative penalties for drug-related crimes. In particular, illicit trafficking in narcotic and psychotropic substances (Article 6.8 of the Administrative Code), propaganda of narcotic drugs (6.13), consumption in public places (20.20).
Liability for marijuana
Yes they can. And there are several reasons for this. Firstly, only seeds of hemp varieties approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of July 20, 2021 No. 460 can be publicly sold. These varieties are characterized by a low content of cannabinoids. Secondly, such seeds can be legally sold only for industrial purposes. Thirdly, every seller of hemp seeds is required to have documents confirming their varietal variety.
For cultivating hemp you will be held accountable under Art. 231 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. Punishment - a fine of up to 300 thousand rubles; compulsory work up to 480 hours; restriction or imprisonment for up to 2 years. If several people grew the plant, then there is only one sanction - imprisonment for up to 8 years, with possible restriction of freedom for up to 2 years.
Signs of hashish use
The use of hashish can be easily determined by its obvious external signs. These include:
- Red eyes. High blood pressure causes capillaries to burst.
- Dilated pupils.
- Impaired functioning of the speech apparatus, slurred speech.
- Retardation of movements, lethargy.
- Strong hunger, strong desire to eat something sweet.
- Feeling very thirsty.
With long-term use, you can also experience sudden mood swings and depression when you are unable to use the drug.
Possession of marijuana article
The question of whether a person’s actions contain the elements of a crime - illegal transportation without the purpose of distribution - is decided by the court in each specific case, taking into account the direction of intent, the actual circumstances of the transportation, the quantity, size, volume of narcotic drugs, as well as other circumstances of the case.
- be guided by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated 02/07/2021 N 76 “On approval of large and especially large sizes of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, as well as large and especially large sizes for plants containing narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances, or their parts containing narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances, for the purposes of Articles 228, 228.1 and 229 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation" (as amended on 01/01/2021);
- take into account the decisions of the UN Commission on Narcotic Drugs on classifying new substances as narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, adopted after the publication of the List of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and their precursors subject to control in Russia, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of June 30, 1998 N 681 (with subsequent changes), etc.
Combination with other substances
To get new sensations, smokers can experiment and create a variety of smoking mixtures, using garik with other drugs. The consequences of such actions can be completely unpredictable.
Hashish with heroin
Wanting to try something new, drug addicts begin to fantasize, thereby trying more severe forms of drugs. Dealers use this maneuver more, thereby luring hashists to use heroin. At first it is said that this is hashish, which produces an effect like heroin, but at the same time it is harmless. A person believes and, unbeknownst to himself, quickly masters a new drug.
Responsibility for possession or sale of drugs under the Criminal Code
Participation in any transactions related to narcotic substances, storage and use of prohibited drugs entails liability in accordance with the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. The procedure for the circulation of drugs is regulated by Federal Law No. 3-FZ dated January 8, 1998, Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated November 4, 2021 No. 644, Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated April 5, 2021 No. 156, orders of the Ministry of Health and Social Development and the Ministry of Health of Russia, and other regulatory legal acts. Neglect of established standards entails danger for the individuals themselves and others.
The article for drug distribution is often used in conjunction with Article 230 of the Criminal Code, which establishes liability for inducing drug use. For these actions you can go to prison for 3-5 years. If the involvement concerns minor children, the term of serving the sentence increases three times.
Consequences of hashish
Even rare smoking of hashish pucks, like other cannabis-based drugs, has a destructive effect on the body, and, first of all, on the human psyche.
Harm of hashish to the body
The effect of hashish most affects the brain, cardiovascular system, lungs, and reproductive system.
Even with occasional use, there is a disturbance in thinking, a clear weakening of short-term memory and learning ability. This is especially noticeable when used by teenagers and young adults.
With hashishism, the lungs also suffer. The most common diseases: bronchitis, emphysema, cancer. The risk of heart attack, hypertension and other diseases of the cardiovascular system increases.
For men, smoking hash is fraught with infertility and problems with potency, since the drug affects testosterone production and the speed of sperm movement.
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Hashish overdose
An overdose can occur when consuming at least 150-200 mg of cannabis per kilogram of weight. In this case, within an hour after consumption, obvious disturbances in the functioning of the nervous system occur:
- Impaired coordination, motor skills, motor activity;
- Disorders of the psyche and thought processes, a person becomes uncontrollable and dangerous to others. Suicide attempts are possible.
As toxins spread throughout the body, the excitation of the nervous system changes to inhibition, and all reactions to external stimuli are muffled. This condition develops into stupor (pathological sleep) which can last up to several days.
In case of acute hashish poisoning, it is necessary to provide the victim with a sufficient amount of water, as well as feed him food with fast carbohydrates (including sweets). Next, you should give him an enterosorbent.
If a person has lost consciousness, he is placed on his side and kept in this state until the ambulance arrives.
REMOVAL AT HOME
How long does hashish stay in the body?
The effect of smoking hashish lasts only a couple of hours, but toxic substances linger in the body much longer, destroying its functioning.
How long does it stay in the blood?
With one-time use, traces of hashish remain in the blood for three to five days. But with regular use, toxic substances accumulate not only in the blood, but also in fat cells. Gradually releasing the poison into the blood, hashish continues its destructive effects for two months. All this time, a blood test will show the presence of the drug in the body.
How long does it stay in urine?
If a person has used hashish only once, then traces of the drug can be detected in the urine within three days. With periodic use – up to 10 days. If a drug addict regularly smokes cannabis, its particles can be detected in a urine test even after a month and a half.
DETOXIFICATION
Hashish addiction
With regular consumption of drugs based on cannabis, addiction will form within 2-3 years. At first, weed is just a way to forget and relieve nervous tension. He gladly accepts the opportunity to drag on, but there is no strong desire to do so.
This stage can last for decades if you use garik occasionally, only for relaxation. But over time, the effect goes away faster and faster, and after it apathy and lethargy appear. Wanting to regain his former joy, a person smokes again, several times a day. This is how a stable addiction is formed, primarily at the psychological level.
TREATMENT OF DRUG ADDICTION IN A HOSPITAL
Types of hashish
The general name hashish refers to a number of narcotic substances based on hemp resins or their synthetic substitutes.
Red hashish
Synthetic cannabis with added synthetic dyes. To attract young people, bright colors are often added, making the substance red, green, blue. This makes it look even more like plasticine.
White hashish
White hashish is an artificially synthesized form of the hemp drug. Unlike natural, this form is cheaper and more accessible to drug addicts. But at the same time, it has a great destructive effect on the brain and the rapid formation of addiction. The risk of death from using this form of the drug increases significantly.
Hard hashish
The traditional form of hashish is pressed briquettes, also called pucks. These are flat rectangles of different weights.
Hashish powder
The powder usually contains a synthetic form of cannabis, similar in its effects to plant hashish. However, the harm from consumption is many times greater, since synthetic resins affect the mucous membranes and lungs.
hashish stone
The solid form of hashish is also called "Stone". It has a high concentration of psychoactive substances.
Cannabis dust
Hemp dust or kief is the simplest form of hashish. Other forms of the drug are also made from it, such as stone.
Hashish buds
The drug cone is the fruit of a plant in which the maximum amount of psychotropic oils accumulates. They cause hallucinations and a complex form of addiction.
Soft hashish
Soft hashish is hashish dust that has a damaging effect on brain cells.
Euro hashish
This type of drug is made from Russian raw materials and has a less pronounced effect. It is also called "Handbrake".
Chemical hashish
These are artificially synthesized forms of cannabis that, when consumed, have a similar effect as hashish. This drug is easier to produce, so it is much cheaper, which is the reason for its great popularity. However, chemical hashish is much more dangerous to health and is more addictive.
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